Airbag Lab

The lab was done by using a plastic bag, with baking soda and vinegar reacting to produce carbon dioxide gas to inflate the bag. In order to calculate the correct grams of baking soda as well as the correct milliliters of vinegar we had to use math (stoich). The first step I used was to fill the container with water and use that amount to figure out the amount of volume available in the plastic bag. After this was done, I used pressure x volume in liters divided by .0812 x 294.15 kelvin = moles of carbon dioxide gas, I then used the mole number of carbon dioxide to work backwards to get the grams of baking soda. I then used the grams of baking soda which is the limiting reagent, and figured out the ml of vinegar that needed to be used. Overall the lab was a success and I passed the lab! lol

Airbag Video
Online lab help

Avagadro's Law

Avagadro's Law holds that temperature and pressure are constant, and the volume is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas present. Also, equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure have the same number of particles.




http://www.chemteam.info/GasLaw/Gas-Avogadro.html

Charles' Law

The second gas law we covered in chemistry was Charles' gas law. Charles' gas law is when the volume of the container and the temperature of the gas is varied while the pressure is kept constant. The basic formula for this law is V1/T1=V2/T2, one important thing to remember is to change the temperature from degrees Celsius to kelvin. The conversion is done by adding 273.15 k to the degrees in Celsius. As the volume of the container gets larger the temperature gets greater as well, this is a direct correlation between volume and temperature.



http://www.docbrown.info/page03/3_52gaslaws.htm
Charles's Law Video 

Boyle's Law

So in our last unit of the school year we are learning about gas laws. The first gas law that we talked about in this unit is Boyle's law. In this gas law the temperature is kept at a constant. Therefore the pressure of a gas varys as well as the pressure. The rule of thumb is that as the pressure of the gas goes up the volume of the container goes down. The reason why this happens is the gas particles have less room to move therefore hitting the side of the container more often which increases the pressure. The standard formula for Boyle's law is P1(v1)=P2(v2).



http://www.one-school.net/Malaysia/UniversityandCollege/SPM/revisioncard/physics/heat/gaslaw.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5xft2fIqQU

Energy Formulas

In this unit there are a few formulas that are used to decipher the energy transfer in certain systems. One formula that is frequently used in this unit is Q= MCAT, this formula is used to be manipulated o find out specific information regarding energy. Q stands for heat or energy in Joules, M is mass in grams, C is heat in Celsius, and AT is the change in temperature.  This formula can be practically manipulated for any question in this unit. Here is a link to a practice problem..............Q= MCAT Practice. There is also another formula that can be used to used to different substances and or objects releasing energy, in which they are set equal to each other. This formula is -MCAT = +MCAT the positive and the negative is for deciphering who is gaining and who is losing energy. These formulas can be manipulated like the basic MCAT to find certain variables.


http://1048believe.com/wp-admin/js/specific-heat-capacity-formula-physics

http://www.cbhs.k12.nf.ca/adrianyoung/Thermo2.pdf

Heating and Cooling Curves

Below are two examples of both a heating and cooling curve. As you can see, there are specific names for each phase change as a substance hits a certain temperature. You simply match up the amount of heat added with the temperature, and you are able to see the phase.




http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/Matter/HeatingCurve.htm
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-heating-and-cooling-curves.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YG77v1PwQNM